Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Cell Division and Growth: A sea urchin begins life as a single cell that (a) divides to form two cells, visible by scanning . Most cells have one or more nuclei and other organelles that carry out a variety of tasks. Somatic cells make up most of your body's tissues and organs, including skin, muscles, lungs, gut, and hair cells. It is also important for cells to stop dividing at the right time. Metaphase starts when the mitotic spindle organizes all chromosomes and lines them up in the middle of the cell to divide. The zygote is a single cell that will undergo mitosis to produce the millions of cells necessary for a large organism. In multicellular organisms, cell division assists in the formation of gametes which combine to produce organisms. The direct cell division is one in which the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the cell divide directly into two parts. Prokaryotes replicate through a type of cell division known as binary fission. So remember, Mitosis is what helps us grow and Meiosis is why we are all unique! Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell by microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) pushing and pulling on centromeres of both chromatids thereby causing the chromosome to move to the center. Leukemias, lymphomas, and myeloma are blood-related cancers that are arise from the bone marrow (leukemias and multiple myelomas) or the lymphoid tissues (lymphomas). Cell division - Cell division and its role in growth and repair Cell Division. Interphase is the process through which a cell must go before mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis. In sexually reproducing animals, it is usually necessary to reduce the genetic information before fertilization. The process of meiosis contains two different cell divisions, which happen back-to-back. In a multicellular organism, cells become specialized to perform different functions through the process of differentiation. Abstract: Blast injuries are psychologically and physically devastating. Before proceeding forward to anaphase, the cell will check if all kinetochores are properly attached to microtubules and it is called spindle checkpoint.
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